Endometrial cancer

SUMMARY POINTS Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological cancer in more developed countries and its incidence is increasing in postmenopausal women Postmenopausal bleeding is the hallmark symptom The main risk factors for the development of endometrioid endometrial carcinoma are obesity and chronic unopposed oestrogen stimulation of the endometrium All women with suspected endometrial cancer require transvaginal ultrasonography and most will undergo endometrial biopsy; more sophisticated radiological examinations are required for accurate preoperative staging. Treatment is usually surgical, comprising total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingooophorectomy. Adjuvant therapy with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or hormonal therapy is considered in more advanced or high risk disease