Photocontrollable J-Aggregation of a Diarylethene–Phthalocyanine Hybrid and Its Aggregation-Stabilized Photochromic Behavior

The photocontrollable J-aggregation of a diarylethene–phthalocyanine hybrid (T-ZnPc) and its aggregation-stabilized photochromic behavior were investigated by various techniques. T-ZnPc initially exhibited slight J-aggregation tendency in solvents such as chloroform and toluene through conformational planarization effect, but formed much stronger J-aggregates upon the illumination of 254 nm UV light. In darkness, the UV-irradiated solutions gradually returned to their initial state. These phenomena can be explained by the pronounced change in molecular planarity accompanying the reversible isomerization of the diarylethene units of T-ZnPc. Besides, we have found that the thermal stability of the closed-ring diarylethene isomers in molecularly dispersed T-ZnPc is much poorer than that in aggregates. As long as the aggregates were broken, they converted to corresponding open-ring form instantly. This study provided an example of fully photocontrollable aggregation of phthalocyanines and paved a new way for improving the stability of the photochromic systems.