Synthesis and evaluation of indole-based new scaffolds for antimicrobial activities—Identification of promising candidates

Search for new antimicrobial agents led to the synthesis of series of N-1, C-3 and C-5 substituted bis-indoles. Their evaluation for antifungal and antibacterial activities resulted in the optimization of pyrrolidine/morpholine/ N-benzyl moiety at the C-3 end and propane/butane/xylidine groups as linkers between two indoles for significant inhibition of microbial growth. Preliminary investigations have identified three highly potent antimicrobial agents. Dockings of these molecules in the active sites of lanosterol demethylase, dihydrofolate reductase and topoisomerase II indicate their strong interactions with these enzymes.