Formulation, Characterization and Pharmacokinetic Studies of Carvedilol Nanoemulsions

The present study involves the formulation and evaluation of oral o/w nanoemulsions (NE) with two simple edible oils, avoiding the large quantities of surfactants and co-surfactants which were prepared by high energy emulsification technique. The particle size, polydispersity index (PD1), and zeta potential of prepared nano emulsions were determined by using zeta sizer and were found to be in the range of 33.4 plus or minus 3.9nm, to 183.56 plus or minus 1.78nm, 0.051 plus or minus 0.04 to 0.38 plus or minus 0.06 and -2.87 plus or minus 0.65 to -14.2 plus or minus 0.72 mv respectively. Centrifugation, freeze-thaw cycling, storage at 4 degree C for 60days, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies revealed the physical and chemical stability of the NHs. Entrapment efficiency and in-vitro release studies showed successful incorporation of carvedilol into NE with high drug loading efficiency and good stability. Comparative pharmacokinelic studies of NE and marketed dosage form in male SD rats revealed a significant increase in oral bio availability in NEs.