Influence of calcinations temperature on physical properties of the nanocomposites containing spinel and CuO phases

Nanocomposites containing spinel and CuO phases have been synthesized by sol–gel method using Cu(II), Ni(II) and Fe(III) in a basic medium. The effect of calcinations temperature on the physical properties of the nanocomposites has been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), micro-Raman spectroscopy (RS), differential scanning calorimetery (DSC)/thermogravemetric analysis (TGA), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD pattern of nanocomposites synthesized at different calcinations temperature reveals spinel and CuO phases. The particle size of the nanocomposites is increasing with increasing the calcinations temperature. The band gap of synthesized nanocomposites has been calculated using DRS method. The prepared nanocomposites exhibit semiconducting nature with band gap values, 1.9–2.24 eV. The magnetic properties of nanocomposites are also measured at room temperature and the values of saturation magnetization (Ms), remanent magnetization (Mr) and coercivity are found enhanced with the calcinations temperature.