Conformational analysis, tautomerization, IR, Raman, and NMR studies of benzyl acetoacetate

A complete conformational analysis of the keto and enol forms of benzyl acetoacetate (BAA), a β-dicarbonyl compound, was carried out by ab initio calculations, at the density functional theory (DFT) level. By inspection of all possible conformers and tautomers, 22 stable cis-enol, 28 stable trans-enol, and five keto conformers were obtained. Among all stable cis-enol forms only six of them are engaged in intramolecular hydrogen bond. The hydrogen bond strength of the most stable conformer of BAA is compared with that of acetylacetone (AA) and dimethyl oxaloacetate (DMOA). Harmonic vibrational frequencies of the most stable enol and keto forms and their deuterated analogues were also calculated and compared with the experimental data. According to the theoretical calculations, the hydrogen bond strength of the most stable enol conformer of BAA is 56.7 kJ/mol (calculated at the B3LYP/6-311++G ∗∗ level), about 10 kJ/mol less than that of AA. This weakening of hydrogen bond is consistent with the spectroscopic results. NMR studies indicate that BAA exists mainly as a keto tautomer in all considered solutions. The Gibbs energies for keto/enol tautomerization were calculated at the B3LYP level, with several basis sets, in both gas phase and CH 3CN solution (using PCM model), for the most stable enol and keto conformers.