Management of retained products of conception with marked vascularity

Cases of retained products of conception (RPOC) with marked vascularity present a clinical challenge because simple dilation and curettage (D&C) can lead to life‐threatening hemorrhage. We describe here two cases of hypervascular RPOC that were successfully managed with two different approaches. Case 1: A 26‐year‐old woman with history of 3 D&Cs was transported to the emergency room for heavy vaginal bleeding 45 days after a spontaneous abortion. Diagnosis of RPOC with aneurysm‐like structure was considered and uterine artery embolization was performed. Four days after the uterine artery embolization, reduction of the vascularity of RPOC was confirmed on color Doppler ultrasonography and D&C was successfully carried out. Case 2: A 37‐year‐old woman with history of one cesarean section became pregnant after the regular menses. She underwent D&C for missed abortion at 8 weeks' gestation. Seven days after the D&C, sonographically heterogenous mass emerged in the vicinity of the previous cesarean scar. Thereafter, the mass gradually grew larger and diagnosis of hypervascular placental polyp was considered. As the amount of vaginal bleeding was small, expectant management was instituted. Sixty‐one days after the first D&C, reduction of the vascularity of RPOC was confirmed on color Doppler ultrasonography and D&C was successfully completed.