Utilization of different agro-industrial wastes for sustainable bioproduction of citric acid by Aspergillus niger
► Economical and sustainable citric acid (CA) production using agro-industrial wastes. ► Economy use of negative cost agro-industrial wastes. ► To met the rising demand of CA in many advanced applications in food and biomedicines. ► To lessen the environmental hazards caused by the disposal of agro-...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Biochemical engineering journal 2011-04, Vol.54 (2), p.83-92 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | ► Economical and sustainable citric acid (CA) production using agro-industrial wastes. ► Economy use of negative cost agro-industrial wastes. ► To met the rising demand of CA in many advanced applications in food and biomedicines. ► To lessen the environmental hazards caused by the disposal of agro-industrial wastes. ► Environmental capture of waste carbon leading to mitigation of climate change.
In view of ever growing demand of citric acid, there is an urgent need to look for inexpensive and novel substrates for feasible production of citric acid. In this context, the present study was carried out to evaluate the potential of different agro-industrial wastes for hyper production of citric acid through solid-state and submerged fermentation by
Aspergillus niger NRRL 567 and NRRL 2001. It was found that among all the solid substrates utilized, apple pomace with 66.0
±
1.9
g/kg of dry substrate proved to be an excellent substrate for citric acid production by
A. niger NRRL 567 at 72
h of incubation.
A. niger NRRL 2001 resulted in slightly lower citric acid concentration of 61.0
±
1.9
g/kg of dry substrate at the same incubation time. APS-1 (apple pomace ultrafiltration sludge-1) gave highest citric acid production rate of 9.0
±
0.3
g/l and 8.9
±
0.3
g/l of substrate by
A. niger NRRL 567 and NRRL 2001 by submerged fermentation, respectively. Further study with apple pomace and apple pomace ultrafiltration sludge-1 by
A. niger NRRL 567 was carried out. Addition of 3% (v/w) ethanol and 4% (v/w) methanol to apple pomace gave significantly higher citric acid values of 127.9
±
4.3
g/kg and 115.8
±
3.8
g/kg of dry substrate by
A. niger NRRL 567 by solid-state fermentation. Higher citric acid values of 18.2
±
0.4
g/l and 13.9
±
0.4
g/l of apple pomace ultrafiltration sludge-1 were attained after addition of 3% (v/v) ethanol and 4% (v/v) methanol, respectively by
A. niger NRRL 567. Apple pomace solid waste and apple pomace ultrafiltration sludge-1 thus proved to be an excellent source for citric acid production, of the different substrates chosen. |
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ISSN: | 1369-703X 1873-295X |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.bej.2011.02.002 |