Expansion of Gutta-percha in Contact with Various Concentrations of Zinc Oxide–Eugenol Sealer: A Three-dimensional Volumetric Study

Abstract Introduction Successful endodontic treatment depends on achievement of a fluid-tight seal that is not possible solely with gutta-percha and requires the use of a root canal sealer. Eugenol, which is a principal component in zinc oxide–eugenol (ZOE) based sealers, is reported to produce a volumetric expansion of gutta-percha. The aim of this study was to evaluate the three-dimensional expansion of gutta-percha at various powder/liquid ratios of ZOE-based sealer by using spiral computed tomography (SCT). Methods Fifty freshly extracted premolars with single canal were decoronated and instrumented by using RaCe rotary instruments (35/06). The teeth were divided into 5 groups of 10 each, and volume of the canal was measured by using SCT. The teeth were then obturated with gutta-percha cones (35/04) in groups ZE 1:1 to ZE 1:4 with Pulp Canal Sealer EWT (ZOE-based) with powder/liquid ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4, respectively, and gutta-percha alone in control group (no sealer group). The filled volume in each canal was measured by using SCT 1 day, 7 days, and 1 month after obturation, and percentages of obturated volume and of volume changes in groups over time were calculated. The data were statistically analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc multiple comparison tests. Results The groups ZE 1:2 and ZE 1:3 gave the highest mean volume values during a 1-month period and were significantly different in comparison with groups ZE 1:1 and ZE 1:4 ( P < .05). Conclusions Increasing the ratio of eugenol in sealer resulted in volumetric increase of gutta-percha. However, further studies should be performed to confirm the expansion and sealing ability of gutta-percha of the size corresponding to the prepared canal, leading to the achievement of fluid impervious seal.