Bioreactor for continuous synthesis of compactin by Penicillium cyclopium

Compactin was synthesized by Penicillium cyclopium in submerged as well as in bioreactor systems and assayed spectrophotometrically with a detection limit of 0.5 μg ml−1 solvent. Synthesis in submerged culture was affected by aeration, glucose level, pH, and type and molarity of buffer. Citrate or succinate (pH 4.0, 0.10 M) in malt glucose peptone broth (MGPB) stimulated cell specialization, sporulation, enhanced compactin permeation from mycelia and its production (60.05 μg ml−1 after 12 days). Fungal spores, immobilized onto-into loofah sponge, in a bioreactor, using MGPB-citrate as feed stock, resulted in productivity of 23.04 mg compactin (L−1 h−1) during 50 days operation at 0.45 h−1 dilution rate. Compactin synthesis in the bioreactor was also affected by culture age, substrate, incubation and dilution rates. Scanning electron micrographs of the loofah sponge, prior to, during and post-spores immobilization showed that loofah channels served well for fungal support in the bioreactor.