A critical look at permittivity and permeability measurement methods in waveguide. An elementary data fusion approach

The authors discuss some methods of permittivity and permeability measurements which use a single rectangular sample of material placed in a waveguide. They discuss the accuracy to which the vector network analyzer (VNA) is calibrated, and if the least squares treatment of the collected data is appropriate, and how it can best be done for obtaining a robust determination of the results.