Lead–Bismuth and Lead Coolant in a New Technology for Reprocessing Liquids and Gases

Lead-bismuth and lead coolants have special features which make it possible to regard them not only as coolants for nuclear power systems but also as the working body for obtaining valuable technological products. In this article, computational and experimental results concerning the production of hydrogen, synthesis gas, fresh water, nanomaterials, water vapor, and petroleum distillates in the processes and apparatus used for direct-contact heat transfer from liquid-metal coolants to various liquids and gases by direct mixing in the absence of intermediate solid heat-exhange surfaces are presented. The results substantiate the possibilities and prospects for developing nuclear-technological systems for the production of heat, electricity, and valuable technological products.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]