Divalent Mn in calcium hydroxyapatite by pulse laser deposition

Pulse laser deposition (PLD) was used to deposit Mn containing calcium hydroxyapatite (HAMn). The PLD process ensures that the composition of the target and the deposited layer is the same. In some cases additional effort should be made to preserve some volatile components, namely OH. This was ensured by water steam supply. Calcium hydroxyapatite deposited by this method has the same properties as the target in respect to lattice parameters and valence state of Mn, which ensures the fixation between hard tissue and metal implants. This fact makes PLD grown HAMn layer covering implants to be improved for practical use. Pulse laser deposition was used to prepare Mn containing calcium hydroxyapatite (HAMn) layers. This method guarantees the same properties of the layer and the target in respect to lattice parameters and valence state of Mn, which ensures the fixation between hard tissue and metal implants. [Display omitted]