Respiratory Symptoms Were Associated With Lower Spirometry Results During the First Examination of WTC Responders

Objective: Determine if World Trade Center (WTC) disaster responders had lower lung function and higher bronchodilator responsiveness than those with respiratory symptoms and conditions. Methods: We evaluated cardinal respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, wheezing, dry cough, productive cough) and determined the difference in FEV₁, FVC, and bronchodilator responsiveness. Results: All respiratory symptoms were associated with a lower FEV₁ and FVC, and a larger bronchodilator response. Responders reporting chronic productive cough, starting during WTC work and persisting, had a mean FEV₁ 109 mL lower than those without chronic persistent cough; their odds of having abnormally low FEV₁ was 1.40 times higher; and they were 1.65 times as likely to demonstrate bronchodilator responsiveness. Conclusions: Responders reporting chronic persistent cough, wheezing or dyspnea at first medical examination were more likely to have lower lung function and bronchodilator responsiveness.