Standardization of larval development of the sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus, as tool for the assessment sea water quality

All stages of development of the sea urchin are of interest in ecotoxicology; the largest number of prior works concerns studies on gametes. Previous studies indicated that the use of sea urchin larvae was difficult because of the need to obtain the parent generations and good quality gametes. Progr...

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Veröffentlicht in:Comptes rendus. Biologies 2009-01, Vol.332 (12), p.1104-1114
Hauptverfasser: Petinay, S, Chataigner, C, Basuyaux, O
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Sprache:fre
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Zusammenfassung:All stages of development of the sea urchin are of interest in ecotoxicology; the largest number of prior works concerns studies on gametes. Previous studies indicated that the use of sea urchin larvae was difficult because of the need to obtain the parent generations and good quality gametes. Progress in sea urchin culture has allowed one to standardize the method. The proposed technique is based on an evaluation of the number of non-developing fertilized eggs, on the frequency of malformations, and on the length of the larvae at 96 hours, using parents raised under well-controlled conditions. Temperature (18-22 degree C), salinity (28-34 ppt) and pH (8-8.4) have been fixed to standardize the proposed biological test. Thirty micrograms per litre of copper reduce significantly the length of the larvae and could be used as a positive control. On the other hand, reconstituted sea water permits an optimal development of the larvae and may be used as negative control. A seasonal follow-up of water quality has been achieved to validate the use of this technique in a surveillance network of water quality. The method may be used whatever the salinity, including fresh and brackish waters.Original Abstract: Tous les stades de developpement des oursins montrent un interet en ecotoxicologie ; les travaux utilisant les gametes sont les plus nombreux. Les etudes anterieures montrent que l'utilisation des larves d'oursins se heurte a des difficultes d'approvisionnement des geniteurs et a la qualite des gametes. Les progres de l'echiniculture permettent d'envisager une standardisation de la methode. La technique proposee est basee sur l'evaluation du taux de non developpement des ufs fecondes, du taux de malformation et de la longueur des larves a 96 heures en utilisant des geniteurs d'elevage conditionnes. Les conditions de temperature (18-22 degree C), de salinite (28-34 ppt) et de pH (8-8.4) ont ete identifiees afin de standardiser le bio-essai. Trente microgrammes par litre de cuivre provoque une diminution significative de la longueur des larves ; il peut-etre utilise comme controle positif. D'autre part, une eau de mer reconstituee permet le developpement optimal des larves et peut-etre utilisee comme temoin negatif. Un suivi saisonnier de la qualite de l'eau a ete realise afin de valider l'utilisation de la technique dans le cadre d'un reseau de surveillance de la qualite de l'eau. La technique peut etre utilisee quelle que soit la salinite de l'eau, aussi bien po
ISSN:1631-0691