Pulmonary infection with Allescheria boydii

Allescheria boydii, the most common fungus isolated from North American maduromycosis, is a well-described pathogen. Reports of its isolation from sites other than the extremities are rare. Only ten cases of pulmonary infection are recorded in the literature. Of these, two are primary infections, and eight are secondary. An eleventh case is reported. Although there are some elements in the patient's history that indicate that this infection is secondary, the authors regard the infection a primary one. A pathologic and microbiologic compendium of all 11 cases is presented.