On the isolation and characterization of gangliosides

A new method for the extraction and purification of brain gangliosides is described. Analysis of the gangliosides from various species showed a marked similarity in respect to composition and behavior. Chromatography of the gangliosides indicated the presence of at least four closely related components. Time-course studies on the liberation of neuraminic acid and reducing sugar were suggestive of a branched chain in the polysaccharide part of the molecule. Analytical data indicated that more than one neuraminic acid residue occurs in some units. The probability of more than one type of neuraminic acid linkage to the galactose and hexosamine moiety of the molecule was suggested. From physical studies it was inferred that gangliosides are not high-molecular-weight polymers but form micellar aggregates in aqueous solutions.