Simianism: Surgical-orthodontic correction of bimaxillary protrusion

The authors describe a case of bimaxillary protrusion characterized by a simian-type mandible. To this syndrome they have given the name: Simianism. — The various stages of the combined surgical and orthodontic treatment are described. A successful functional and esthetic result was obtained, the patient last being observed four years after the completion of treatment. — Short-cuts in the treatment could have been taken as our own retrospective analysis suggested. The unusual aspects of the deformity prompted a slower and more prudent approach. — The conclusion of the authors is that the combined skills of the surgeon and the orthodontist are necessary to obtain the most adequate results in such cases.