Recent Progress in the Individualization of Blood and the Adaptation of the Hyland Cross-over Electrophoresis System in the Indentification of Bloodstains

The newest methods and equipment for the specific and sensitive identification of materials of biological origin, fresh or aged, is described. Because of the high degree of differentiation possible between species and within the species, due to genetic polymorphism of enzymes and other protein factors as well as the transient factors, it should now be possible to discriminate and identify stains and fluids of questioned biologic origin. These methods as described are primarily important to the forensic scientist. They can be extremely useful also in blood banking, in genetics and to some degree in every field of biology.