Phase 2a Study Assessing Colonization Efficiency, Safety, and Acceptability of Lactobacillus crispatus CTV-05 in Women With Bacterial Vaginosis

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by a lack of endogenous lactobacilli and overgrowth of pathogens that frequently recurs following antibiotic treatment. Methods: A phase 2a study assessed colonization efficiency, safety, tolerability, and acceptability of Lactobacillus crispatus CTV-05 (LACTIN-V) administered by a vaginal applicator. Twenty-four women with BV were randomized in a 3:1 ratio of active product to placebo. Participants used LACTIN-V at 2 × 10⁹ colony-forming units (cfu)/dose or placebo for 5 initial consecutive days, followed by a weekly application over 2 weeks. They returned for follow-up on Days 10 and 28. Results: Sixty-one percent of the 18 women randomized to the LACTIN-V group were colonized with L crispatus CTV-05 at Day 10 or Day 28. Among LACTIN-V users with complete adherence to the study regimen, 78% were colonized at Day 10 or Day 28. Of the 120 adverse events (AEs) that occurred, 108 (90%) and 12 (10%) were of mild and moderate severity, respectively. AEs were evenly distributed between the LACTIN-V and placebo group. Of the total AEs, 93 (78%) were genitourinary in origin. The most common genitourinary AEs included vaginal discharge (46%), abdominal pain (46%), dysuria (21%), pollakiuria (21%), vaginal odor (21%), and genital pruritus (17%). No grade 3 or 4 AEs or serious AEs occurred and no deep epithelial disruption was seen during colposcopic evaluation. The product was well tolerated and accepted. Conclusions: LACTIN-V colonized well, and was safe and acceptable in women treated for BV.