Plasma progesterone levels during oestrous cycle and their relationship with the ovulation rate in Red Sokoto (maradi) goats

Twenty-five 2–3-year-old cycling does weighing 17–25 kg were obtained from semi-nomadic farmers and managed under controlled conditions while simulating the traditional management system. Oestrus was synchronized using progestogen impregnated vaginal pessaries. Blood samples were collected daily for progesterone assay from the day of pessary withdrawal up to one complete oestrous cycle. Oestrus was checked twice daily using vasectomized bucks. Ovulation rate was determined by direct observation of the ovaries following laparotomy on day 5–7 of the oestrous cycle. Following oestrus synchronization, mean ovulation rate was 1.68 ± 0.13. Mean oestrous cycle length and duration of oestrus were 21.30 ± 0.28 days and 21.37 ± 0.24 hours respectively. Plasma progesterone concentrations ranged from non-detectable levels on the day of oestrus to 5.2 ± 0.28 ng/ml at mid-cycle. The duration of elevated progesterone level (> 2 ng/ml) was about 12 days. The peak progesterone values did not differ between animals with different ovulation rates. However, the plasma progesterone concentration during the early cycle (days 0–6) was significantly lower in the single ovulators compared with others. There were no major differences in plasma progesterone levels during the oestrous cycle of Red Sokoto does with different ovulation rates.