Antifreeze Glycoproteins: Elucidation of the Structural Motifs That Are Essential for Antifreeze Activity

Good for winter: The structure–activity relationships of antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) have been characterized by chemical synthesis and conformational analysis. The results revealed that the mode of glycosylation on the threonyl residue in the tripeptide unit is of primary importance in the formation of the specific structure for the antifreeze activity (see picture for the structural requirements of AFGPs).