Basal cell carcinoma of the maxillofacial region: site distribution and incidence rates in Arab/Jordanians, 1991 to 2000

We sought to estimate the incidence rates and disease trends for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the maxillofacial region in the civilian population in the north of Jordan. A retrospective study was undertaken of all BCCs of the maxillofacial region diagnosed at the Regional Histopathology Department during the period 1991 to 2000. The age-adjusted rate for BCC in 1992 was 6.3:100,000, and in 2000, it was 8.8:100,000. However, several disease trends were observed during the study period. Age- and gender-specific incidence rates apparently increased during the study period. Lesions were most commonly seen on the nose, facial skin, and periorbital skin. The proportions of BCC in the various anatomic sites that were reviewed remained fairly constant over the 10-year period. In comparison with populations from other geographic areas, the incidence of BCC in the north of Jordan is low. Further studies are needed to identify behavioral and environmental factors that contribute to the development of BCC and to determine whether changes in diagnostic practices could account for the apparent rise in the incidence of this tumor in this population in recent years.