The Effect of Femoral Arteriography on the Incidence of Groin Contamination and Postoperative Infections

A prospective study is presented on the effects of preoperative femoral arteriography on bacterial contamination and postoperative wound complications from groin incisions. Forty-four femoral reconstructive procedures (88 groin incisions) for aortoiliac disease were performed. Positive cultures occurred in 43.2% of patients and in 30.7% of the 88 incisions. There was no correlation found between the site of arteriography and positive cultures (Spearman correlation coefficient, p > .10). No correlation was found between the presence of hematoma due to arteriography and subsequent positive groin culture (Spearman correlation coefficient, p > .10). A higher incidence of positive cultures did occur for patients who had a difficult arteriographic procedure (Fisher's exact test, p = .020) or whose reconstructive procedure was greater than four hours (Fischer's exact test, p = .047). Seven patients had postoperative groin wound complications (15.9%), including three lymph leaks (6.8%) and four confirmed or suspected infections (9%). There were no graft infections. No correlation was found between the site of arteriography and the site of wound complication (Spearman correlation coefficient, p > .10). Neither positive culture results nor difficult arteriography nor presence of hematoma were accurate predictors of postoperative wound complications. We conclude that transfemoral arteriography does not increase the risk of complications of arterial reconstruction involving a femoral anastomosis.