Changes of serum leptin and endocrine and metabolic parameters after 7 days of energy restriction in men and women

Circulating leptin decreases during fasting in rodents and humans; however, the mechanism of the decrease is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between decrements of serum leptin concentrations and changes of hormonal (insulin and cortisol) and metabolic (glucose, ketones...

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Veröffentlicht in:Metabolism, clinical and experimental clinical and experimental, 1998-04, Vol.47 (4), p.429-434
Hauptverfasser: Dubuc, Gloria R., Phinney, Stephen D., Stern, Judith S., Havel, Peter J.
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container_issue 4
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container_title Metabolism, clinical and experimental
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creator Dubuc, Gloria R.
Phinney, Stephen D.
Stern, Judith S.
Havel, Peter J.
description Circulating leptin decreases during fasting in rodents and humans; however, the mechanism of the decrease is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between decrements of serum leptin concentrations and changes of hormonal (insulin and cortisol) and metabolic (glucose, ketones, and fatty acids) parameters involved in the metabolic adaptation to energy restriction in normal-weight humans. Because there are marked gender differences in circulating leptin, both men and women were studied. The body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (% body fat), and serum leptin, insulin, cortisol, glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) were determined in 11 men and 13 women (age, 20 to 41 years; BMI, 21.2 to 26.8 kg/m 2) before and during 7 days of energy restriction (−68% ± 1% of daily energy requirements). Weight loss averaged about 4% in both men and women. Leptin in men was 3.7 ± 0.5 and decreased to 2.1 ± 0.4 ng/mL (percent change [%Δ], −36% ± 6.0%, P < .0005) during restriction. Concurrently, insulin decreased from 7.2 ± 0.6 to 1.8 ± 0.3 μU/mL (%Δ, −74% ± 4%, P < .0001). In contrast, leptin was higher in women before (16.2 ± 1.9 ng/mL) and after (6.0 ± 0.8 ng/mL) restriction and decreased more than in men (%Δ, −61% ± 4%, P < .02 v men), whereas the decrease of insulin in women was less than in men: 10.1 ± 1.9 to 6.1 ± 1.0 μU/mL (%Δ, −31% ± 9%, P < .0025; P < .0005 v men), perhaps because glucose decreased less in women than in men. Overall, the changes of leptin during fasting were independently correlated with the changes of glucose ( r = .53, P < .007), NEFA ( r = .53, P < .01), and BOHB ( r = .65, P < .001). In addition, the change of leptin correlated with a combined index of the parameters that reflect decreased glucose availability and increased lipolysis ([Δglucose + Δinsulin + ΔNEFA]/3, r = .73, P < .0001) or a combined index of parameters that would be expected to limit glucose uptake by adipocytes ([Δglucose + Δinsulin + Δcortisol]/3, r = .48, P < .02). We conclude that there are significant differences between men and women in the responses of leptin and insulin to energy restriction. Furthermore, decreases of circulating leptin during negative energy balance are related to changes of endocrine and metabolic parameters, suggesting that leptin secretion may be regulated by alterations of adipocyte glucose and lipid metabolism, ie, decreased glucose uptake and metabolism and increased lipolysis.
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The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between decrements of serum leptin concentrations and changes of hormonal (insulin and cortisol) and metabolic (glucose, ketones, and fatty acids) parameters involved in the metabolic adaptation to energy restriction in normal-weight humans. Because there are marked gender differences in circulating leptin, both men and women were studied. The body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (% body fat), and serum leptin, insulin, cortisol, glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) were determined in 11 men and 13 women (age, 20 to 41 years; BMI, 21.2 to 26.8 kg/m 2) before and during 7 days of energy restriction (−68% ± 1% of daily energy requirements). Weight loss averaged about 4% in both men and women. Leptin in men was 3.7 ± 0.5 and decreased to 2.1 ± 0.4 ng/mL (percent change [%Δ], −36% ± 6.0%, P < .0005) during restriction. Concurrently, insulin decreased from 7.2 ± 0.6 to 1.8 ± 0.3 μU/mL (%Δ, −74% ± 4%, P < .0001). In contrast, leptin was higher in women before (16.2 ± 1.9 ng/mL) and after (6.0 ± 0.8 ng/mL) restriction and decreased more than in men (%Δ, −61% ± 4%, P < .02 v men), whereas the decrease of insulin in women was less than in men: 10.1 ± 1.9 to 6.1 ± 1.0 μU/mL (%Δ, −31% ± 9%, P < .0025; P < .0005 v men), perhaps because glucose decreased less in women than in men. Overall, the changes of leptin during fasting were independently correlated with the changes of glucose ( r = .53, P < .007), NEFA ( r = .53, P < .01), and BOHB ( r = .65, P < .001). In addition, the change of leptin correlated with a combined index of the parameters that reflect decreased glucose availability and increased lipolysis ([Δglucose + Δinsulin + ΔNEFA]/3, r = .73, P < .0001) or a combined index of parameters that would be expected to limit glucose uptake by adipocytes ([Δglucose + Δinsulin + Δcortisol]/3, r = .48, P < .02). We conclude that there are significant differences between men and women in the responses of leptin and insulin to energy restriction. 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The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between decrements of serum leptin concentrations and changes of hormonal (insulin and cortisol) and metabolic (glucose, ketones, and fatty acids) parameters involved in the metabolic adaptation to energy restriction in normal-weight humans. Because there are marked gender differences in circulating leptin, both men and women were studied. The body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (% body fat), and serum leptin, insulin, cortisol, glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) were determined in 11 men and 13 women (age, 20 to 41 years; BMI, 21.2 to 26.8 kg/m 2) before and during 7 days of energy restriction (−68% ± 1% of daily energy requirements). Weight loss averaged about 4% in both men and women. Leptin in men was 3.7 ± 0.5 and decreased to 2.1 ± 0.4 ng/mL (percent change [%Δ], −36% ± 6.0%, P < .0005) during restriction. Concurrently, insulin decreased from 7.2 ± 0.6 to 1.8 ± 0.3 μU/mL (%Δ, −74% ± 4%, P < .0001). In contrast, leptin was higher in women before (16.2 ± 1.9 ng/mL) and after (6.0 ± 0.8 ng/mL) restriction and decreased more than in men (%Δ, −61% ± 4%, P < .02 v men), whereas the decrease of insulin in women was less than in men: 10.1 ± 1.9 to 6.1 ± 1.0 μU/mL (%Δ, −31% ± 9%, P < .0025; P < .0005 v men), perhaps because glucose decreased less in women than in men. Overall, the changes of leptin during fasting were independently correlated with the changes of glucose ( r = .53, P < .007), NEFA ( r = .53, P < .01), and BOHB ( r = .65, P < .001). In addition, the change of leptin correlated with a combined index of the parameters that reflect decreased glucose availability and increased lipolysis ([Δglucose + Δinsulin + ΔNEFA]/3, r = .73, P < .0001) or a combined index of parameters that would be expected to limit glucose uptake by adipocytes ([Δglucose + Δinsulin + Δcortisol]/3, r = .48, P < .02). We conclude that there are significant differences between men and women in the responses of leptin and insulin to energy restriction. 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Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydrocortisone - blood</subject><subject>Insulin - blood</subject><subject>Ketones - blood</subject><subject>Leptin</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Obesity - blood</subject><subject>Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><issn>0026-0495</issn><issn>1532-8600</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE1v1DAQhi0EKtvCT6jkA0L0kGI7cWKfULXio1IlDoWzNbYnxSixFzsL2n9f74f2ymk8mmdejx5Crjm75Yz3Hx8ZE33DOi0_aHWjGZOykS_IistWNKpn7CVZnZHX5LKU34yxYVD9BbnQUjLZ8RXJ618Qn7DQNNKCeTvTCTdLiBSipxh9cjlEPHQzLmDTFBzdQIbaYS4UxlroQD3sDhkYMT_taMay5OCWkCKtYTMeA_-l-npDXo0wFXx7qlfk55fPP9bfmofvX-_Xdw-N65RaGmih9w5UK3jb2Y4J1GLU3slRDAoF-FZLy7l3zFqrug7sIEBzq6zqu5Gr9oq8P-ZucvqzrQeZORSH0wQR07aYQQ9adz2roDyCLqdSMo5mk8MMeWc4M3vX5uDa7EUarczBtZF17_r0wdbO6M9bJ7l1_u40h-JgGjNEF8oZE4INcthjn44YVhl_A2ZTXMDo0IeMbjE-hf8c8gz9XJwf</recordid><startdate>19980401</startdate><enddate>19980401</enddate><creator>Dubuc, Gloria R.</creator><creator>Phinney, Stephen D.</creator><creator>Stern, Judith S.</creator><creator>Havel, Peter J.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19980401</creationdate><title>Changes of serum leptin and endocrine and metabolic parameters after 7 days of energy restriction in men and women</title><author>Dubuc, Gloria R. ; Phinney, Stephen D. ; Stern, Judith S. ; Havel, Peter J.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c488t-a3a6dca832134b402e92f9dc5f278e2ad395b11dc0bbb844ab72a91b8b864f183</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Anthropometry</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - metabolism</topic><topic>Energy Intake</topic><topic>Energy Metabolism - physiology</topic><topic>Fatty Acids - blood</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydrocortisone - blood</topic><topic>Insulin - blood</topic><topic>Ketones - blood</topic><topic>Leptin</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Obesity - blood</topic><topic>Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Dubuc, Gloria R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Phinney, Stephen D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stern, Judith S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Havel, Peter J.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Metabolism, clinical and experimental</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dubuc, Gloria R.</au><au>Phinney, Stephen D.</au><au>Stern, Judith S.</au><au>Havel, Peter J.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Changes of serum leptin and endocrine and metabolic parameters after 7 days of energy restriction in men and women</atitle><jtitle>Metabolism, clinical and experimental</jtitle><addtitle>Metabolism</addtitle><date>1998-04-01</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>47</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>429</spage><epage>434</epage><pages>429-434</pages><issn>0026-0495</issn><eissn>1532-8600</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Circulating leptin decreases during fasting in rodents and humans; however, the mechanism of the decrease is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between decrements of serum leptin concentrations and changes of hormonal (insulin and cortisol) and metabolic (glucose, ketones, and fatty acids) parameters involved in the metabolic adaptation to energy restriction in normal-weight humans. Because there are marked gender differences in circulating leptin, both men and women were studied. The body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (% body fat), and serum leptin, insulin, cortisol, glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) were determined in 11 men and 13 women (age, 20 to 41 years; BMI, 21.2 to 26.8 kg/m 2) before and during 7 days of energy restriction (−68% ± 1% of daily energy requirements). Weight loss averaged about 4% in both men and women. Leptin in men was 3.7 ± 0.5 and decreased to 2.1 ± 0.4 ng/mL (percent change [%Δ], −36% ± 6.0%, P < .0005) during restriction. Concurrently, insulin decreased from 7.2 ± 0.6 to 1.8 ± 0.3 μU/mL (%Δ, −74% ± 4%, P < .0001). In contrast, leptin was higher in women before (16.2 ± 1.9 ng/mL) and after (6.0 ± 0.8 ng/mL) restriction and decreased more than in men (%Δ, −61% ± 4%, P < .02 v men), whereas the decrease of insulin in women was less than in men: 10.1 ± 1.9 to 6.1 ± 1.0 μU/mL (%Δ, −31% ± 9%, P < .0025; P < .0005 v men), perhaps because glucose decreased less in women than in men. Overall, the changes of leptin during fasting were independently correlated with the changes of glucose ( r = .53, P < .007), NEFA ( r = .53, P < .01), and BOHB ( r = .65, P < .001). In addition, the change of leptin correlated with a combined index of the parameters that reflect decreased glucose availability and increased lipolysis ([Δglucose + Δinsulin + ΔNEFA]/3, r = .73, P < .0001) or a combined index of parameters that would be expected to limit glucose uptake by adipocytes ([Δglucose + Δinsulin + Δcortisol]/3, r = .48, P < .02). We conclude that there are significant differences between men and women in the responses of leptin and insulin to energy restriction. Furthermore, decreases of circulating leptin during negative energy balance are related to changes of endocrine and metabolic parameters, suggesting that leptin secretion may be regulated by alterations of adipocyte glucose and lipid metabolism, ie, decreased glucose uptake and metabolism and increased lipolysis.]]></abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>9550541</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0026-0495(98)90055-5</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Anthropometry
Biological and medical sciences
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Energy Intake
Energy Metabolism - physiology
Fatty Acids - blood
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Hydrocortisone - blood
Insulin - blood
Ketones - blood
Leptin
Linear Models
Male
Obesity - blood
Proteins - metabolism
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
title Changes of serum leptin and endocrine and metabolic parameters after 7 days of energy restriction in men and women
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