Endoscopic photodynamic therapy with hematoporphyrin derivative for primary treatment of gastrointestinal neoplasms in inoperable patients

Endoscopic photodynamic therapy with hematoporphyrin derivative was used in the primary treatment of 54 patients with inoperable gastrointestinal neoplasms. Patients were divided into three groups including 24 with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 14 with adenocarcinoma of the stomach or lower third of the esophagus, and 16 with rectosigmoid adenocarcinoma. After infusion of 2.5-5.0 mg hematoporphyrin derivative/kg of body weight, lesions were photoradiated using an argon dye laser with power set at 300-400 mW for 5 min/site. During a follow-up period averaging 14.5 months (range 1-33 months), complete local tumor destruction and negative histology were observed in 24 of 54 cases. The mean recurrence-free period varied from 13.8 to 17.4 months according to groups. Fifteen patients remain alive and disease-free. The results of this open pilot study suggest the potential efficacy of photodynamic therapy as curative treatment for selected cases of inoperable gastrointestinal cancers, possibly in association with locoregional radiotherapy.