Delayed rupture of the spleen

The concept of delayed splenic rupture is an evolving one. The cases reviewed have led us to reserve the term “delayed splenic rupture” for the situation in which early post-traumatic imaging of the spleen is normal and is followed by the diagnosis of splenic hemorrhage 48 or more hours after the initial insult. Post-traumatic splenic evaluation is indicated when the mechanism of injury is likely to injure the spleen, there is unexplained hypovolemia, or the patient complains of left upper quadrant pain or tenderness. Peritoneal lavage is indicated when hypovolemia is the main manifestation. Radionuclide study is used for screening isolated splenic or hepatic injury when the suspicion is low. Reduced availability of visceral angiogram has resulted in CT scan becoming the main diagnostic modality. When a patient presents with blunt abdominal trauma, awareness of the problem of splenic rupture and active diagnostic approach may help reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with splenic hemorrhage, either immediate or delayed.