Neoplasia and acquired renal cystic disease in patients undergoing chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Acquired renal cystic disease (ARCD) was initially reported to occur exclusively with patients on chronic hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease. To date, no cases of ARCD have been well documented in patients with end-stage renal disease treated solely by peritoneal dialysis. We report the occurrence of ARCD with renal cell carcinoma and hemorrhagic cyst formation in 2 patients with end-stage renal disease treated only with chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for three and one-half and three years, respectively, since the onset of their renal failure. Both patients were found to have ARCD and complex masses on follow-up ultrasound examination after previous normal examinations. The findings were confirmed by computerized tomography (CT) scan and both patients underwent radical nephrectomy.