Metallothionein induction in fetal rat brain and neonatal primary astrocyte cultures by in utero exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg 0)
Brain metallothionein (MT) protein and mRNA levels were determined in the fetal rat following in utero (gestational days 7–21) exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg 0; 300 μg Hg/m 3; 4 h/day). Total RNA was probed on northern blots with [ α- 32P]dCTP-labeled synthetic cDNA probes specific for rat...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Brain research 1997-12, Vol.778 (1), p.222-232 |
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| creator | Aschner, M Lorscheider, F.L Cowan, K.S Conklin, D.R Vimy, M.J Lash, L.H |
| description | Brain metallothionein (MT) protein and mRNA levels were determined in the fetal rat following in utero (gestational days 7–21) exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg
0; 300 μg Hg/m
3; 4 h/day). Total RNA was probed on northern blots with [
α-
32P]dCTP-labeled synthetic cDNA probes specific for rat MT isoform mRNAs. The probes for MT-I and MT-II mRNA hybridized to a single band of approximately 550 and 450 nucleotides, respectively. Expression of whole brain MT-I mRNA in full-term fetal rats (day 21) was significantly increased (
P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0006-8993(97)01095-0 |
| format | Article |
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0; 300 μg Hg/m
3; 4 h/day). Total RNA was probed on northern blots with [
α-
32P]dCTP-labeled synthetic cDNA probes specific for rat MT isoform mRNAs. The probes for MT-I and MT-II mRNA hybridized to a single band of approximately 550 and 450 nucleotides, respectively. Expression of whole brain MT-I mRNA in full-term fetal rats (day 21) was significantly increased (
P<0.03) by in utero exposure to Hg
0 compared to nonexposed controls. This corresponded to a 14-fold increase (
P<0.001) in fetal brain Hg concentration after in utero Hg
0 exposure. In addition, astrocytes from both control and in utero Hg
0-exposed fetuses were isolated, and neonatal primary astrocyte cultures were established and maintained in vitro for up to 3 weeks without additional experimental intervention. Astrocyte monolayers derived from in utero Hg
0-exposed fetuses consistently expressed increased abundance of MT-I mRNA transcripts after 1, 2, and 3 weeks in culture (
P<0.03,
P<0.01, and
P<0.03, respectively) compared with controls. The abundance of astrocyte MT-II mRNA was unchanged at 1 and 2 weeks in culture, but was significantly increased at 3 weeks in cultures derived from brains of Hg
0-exposed fetuses (
P<0.04). Consistent with the increase in MT mRNA, an increase in astrocytic levels of MT proteins was noted by western blot analysis and MT-immunoreactivity. These studies suggest that in utero exposure to Hg
0 induces brain MT gene expression, and that MT mRNAs and their respective proteins are useful quantitative biochemical markers of intrauterine exposure to Hg
0, a potentially cytotoxic challenge to astrocytes in the developing brain. It is concluded that induction of MT by fetal/neonatal astrocytes represents an attempt by these glial cells to protect against Hg cytotoxicity in maintaining cerebral homeostasis.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0006-8993</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-6240</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0006-8993(97)01095-0</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9462895</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Astrocyte ; Astrocytes - drug effects ; Astrocytes - metabolism ; Biomarker ; Blotting, Northern ; Blotting, Western ; Brain ; Brain - drug effects ; Brain - embryology ; Brain - metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Embryonic and Fetal Development - drug effects ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Glutathione - metabolism ; In utero ; Mercury - pharmacology ; Mercury vapor Hg 0 ; Metallothionein ; Metallothionein - biosynthesis ; Nerve Tissue Proteins - biosynthesis ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Rat ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><ispartof>Brain research, 1997-12, Vol.778 (1), p.222-232</ispartof><rights>1997 Elsevier Science B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c360t-37b85e5767c84cbd80a160d2d8c2c4de53d38703c7520d4e8195d73ccfb787713</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c360t-37b85e5767c84cbd80a160d2d8c2c4de53d38703c7520d4e8195d73ccfb787713</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-8993(97)01095-0$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,3539,27907,27908,45978</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9462895$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Aschner, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lorscheider, F.L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cowan, K.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Conklin, D.R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vimy, M.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lash, L.H</creatorcontrib><title>Metallothionein induction in fetal rat brain and neonatal primary astrocyte cultures by in utero exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg 0)</title><title>Brain research</title><addtitle>Brain Res</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Brain metallothionein (MT) protein and mRNA levels were determined in the fetal rat following in utero (gestational days 7–21) exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg
0; 300 μg Hg/m
3; 4 h/day). Total RNA was probed on northern blots with [
α-
32P]dCTP-labeled synthetic cDNA probes specific for rat MT isoform mRNAs. The probes for MT-I and MT-II mRNA hybridized to a single band of approximately 550 and 450 nucleotides, respectively. Expression of whole brain MT-I mRNA in full-term fetal rats (day 21) was significantly increased (
P<0.03) by in utero exposure to Hg
0 compared to nonexposed controls. This corresponded to a 14-fold increase (
P<0.001) in fetal brain Hg concentration after in utero Hg
0 exposure. In addition, astrocytes from both control and in utero Hg
0-exposed fetuses were isolated, and neonatal primary astrocyte cultures were established and maintained in vitro for up to 3 weeks without additional experimental intervention. Astrocyte monolayers derived from in utero Hg
0-exposed fetuses consistently expressed increased abundance of MT-I mRNA transcripts after 1, 2, and 3 weeks in culture (
P<0.03,
P<0.01, and
P<0.03, respectively) compared with controls. The abundance of astrocyte MT-II mRNA was unchanged at 1 and 2 weeks in culture, but was significantly increased at 3 weeks in cultures derived from brains of Hg
0-exposed fetuses (
P<0.04). Consistent with the increase in MT mRNA, an increase in astrocytic levels of MT proteins was noted by western blot analysis and MT-immunoreactivity. These studies suggest that in utero exposure to Hg
0 induces brain MT gene expression, and that MT mRNAs and their respective proteins are useful quantitative biochemical markers of intrauterine exposure to Hg
0, a potentially cytotoxic challenge to astrocytes in the developing brain. It is concluded that induction of MT by fetal/neonatal astrocytes represents an attempt by these glial cells to protect against Hg cytotoxicity in maintaining cerebral homeostasis.]]></description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Newborn</subject><subject>Astrocyte</subject><subject>Astrocytes - drug effects</subject><subject>Astrocytes - metabolism</subject><subject>Biomarker</subject><subject>Blotting, Northern</subject><subject>Blotting, Western</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Brain - drug effects</subject><subject>Brain - embryology</subject><subject>Brain - metabolism</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Embryonic and Fetal Development - drug effects</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gestational Age</subject><subject>Glutathione - metabolism</subject><subject>In utero</subject><subject>Mercury - pharmacology</subject><subject>Mercury vapor Hg 0</subject><subject>Metallothionein</subject><subject>Metallothionein - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Nerve Tissue Proteins - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects</subject><subject>Rat</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><issn>0006-8993</issn><issn>1872-6240</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1997</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFUcFu1DAQtRCoLIVPqOQTag-BcRzH9gmhCihSUQ-Fs-XYs2CUxIvtVN1v6E_X6a565eSZee959OYRcsbgAwPWf7wFgL5RWvNzLS-AgRYNvCAbpmTb9G0HL8nmmfKavMn5b20513BCTnTXt0qLDXn4gcWOYyx_QpwxzDTMfnGlNrWi2xWkyRY6JFt7O3s6Y5ztOt6lMNm0pzaXFN2-IHXLWJaEmQ77Vb0UTJHi_S7mOqWl1iNOOK_iCZNbqvjO7mKi51e_KVy8Ja-2dsz47viekl9fv_y8vGqub759v_x83TjeQ2m4HJRAIXvpVOcGr8CyHnzrlWtd51Fwz5UE7qRowXeomBZecue2g1RSMn5K3h_-3aX4b8FczBSyw3G01duSjdSi47pfieJAdCnmnHBrjp4NA7OGYJ5CMOuFjZbmKQQDVXd2XLAME_pn1fHqFf90wLG6vAuYTHYBZ4c-JHTF-Bj-s-ERnCqZAQ</recordid><startdate>19971205</startdate><enddate>19971205</enddate><creator>Aschner, M</creator><creator>Lorscheider, F.L</creator><creator>Cowan, K.S</creator><creator>Conklin, D.R</creator><creator>Vimy, M.J</creator><creator>Lash, L.H</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19971205</creationdate><title>Metallothionein induction in fetal rat brain and neonatal primary astrocyte cultures by in utero exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg 0)</title><author>Aschner, M ; Lorscheider, F.L ; Cowan, K.S ; Conklin, D.R ; Vimy, M.J ; Lash, L.H</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c360t-37b85e5767c84cbd80a160d2d8c2c4de53d38703c7520d4e8195d73ccfb787713</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1997</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Animals, Newborn</topic><topic>Astrocyte</topic><topic>Astrocytes - drug effects</topic><topic>Astrocytes - metabolism</topic><topic>Biomarker</topic><topic>Blotting, Northern</topic><topic>Blotting, Western</topic><topic>Brain</topic><topic>Brain - drug effects</topic><topic>Brain - embryology</topic><topic>Brain - metabolism</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>Embryonic and Fetal Development - drug effects</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gestational Age</topic><topic>Glutathione - metabolism</topic><topic>In utero</topic><topic>Mercury - pharmacology</topic><topic>Mercury vapor Hg 0</topic><topic>Metallothionein</topic><topic>Metallothionein - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Nerve Tissue Proteins - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects</topic><topic>Rat</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Aschner, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lorscheider, F.L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cowan, K.S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Conklin, D.R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vimy, M.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lash, L.H</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Brain research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Aschner, M</au><au>Lorscheider, F.L</au><au>Cowan, K.S</au><au>Conklin, D.R</au><au>Vimy, M.J</au><au>Lash, L.H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Metallothionein induction in fetal rat brain and neonatal primary astrocyte cultures by in utero exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg 0)</atitle><jtitle>Brain research</jtitle><addtitle>Brain Res</addtitle><date>1997-12-05</date><risdate>1997</risdate><volume>778</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>222</spage><epage>232</epage><pages>222-232</pages><issn>0006-8993</issn><eissn>1872-6240</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Brain metallothionein (MT) protein and mRNA levels were determined in the fetal rat following in utero (gestational days 7–21) exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg
0; 300 μg Hg/m
3; 4 h/day). Total RNA was probed on northern blots with [
α-
32P]dCTP-labeled synthetic cDNA probes specific for rat MT isoform mRNAs. The probes for MT-I and MT-II mRNA hybridized to a single band of approximately 550 and 450 nucleotides, respectively. Expression of whole brain MT-I mRNA in full-term fetal rats (day 21) was significantly increased (
P<0.03) by in utero exposure to Hg
0 compared to nonexposed controls. This corresponded to a 14-fold increase (
P<0.001) in fetal brain Hg concentration after in utero Hg
0 exposure. In addition, astrocytes from both control and in utero Hg
0-exposed fetuses were isolated, and neonatal primary astrocyte cultures were established and maintained in vitro for up to 3 weeks without additional experimental intervention. Astrocyte monolayers derived from in utero Hg
0-exposed fetuses consistently expressed increased abundance of MT-I mRNA transcripts after 1, 2, and 3 weeks in culture (
P<0.03,
P<0.01, and
P<0.03, respectively) compared with controls. The abundance of astrocyte MT-II mRNA was unchanged at 1 and 2 weeks in culture, but was significantly increased at 3 weeks in cultures derived from brains of Hg
0-exposed fetuses (
P<0.04). Consistent with the increase in MT mRNA, an increase in astrocytic levels of MT proteins was noted by western blot analysis and MT-immunoreactivity. These studies suggest that in utero exposure to Hg
0 induces brain MT gene expression, and that MT mRNAs and their respective proteins are useful quantitative biochemical markers of intrauterine exposure to Hg
0, a potentially cytotoxic challenge to astrocytes in the developing brain. It is concluded that induction of MT by fetal/neonatal astrocytes represents an attempt by these glial cells to protect against Hg cytotoxicity in maintaining cerebral homeostasis.]]></abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>9462895</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0006-8993(97)01095-0</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0006-8993 |
| ispartof | Brain research, 1997-12, Vol.778 (1), p.222-232 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Animals Animals, Newborn Astrocyte Astrocytes - drug effects Astrocytes - metabolism Biomarker Blotting, Northern Blotting, Western Brain Brain - drug effects Brain - embryology Brain - metabolism Cells, Cultured Embryonic and Fetal Development - drug effects Female Gestational Age Glutathione - metabolism In utero Mercury - pharmacology Mercury vapor Hg 0 Metallothionein Metallothionein - biosynthesis Nerve Tissue Proteins - biosynthesis Pregnancy Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Rat Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley |
| title | Metallothionein induction in fetal rat brain and neonatal primary astrocyte cultures by in utero exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg 0) |
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