Palmaz-Schatz coronary stent implantation in the protected left main coronary artery. Restenosis and repeat angioplasty using intravascular ultrasound as optimal deployment's factor

White woman 46 years old was admitted with oppressive rest angina. Two months prior, she had been submitted to a coronary artery bypass surgery: saphenous vein graft to the left anterior descending coronary; left internal mammary artery to the 1st diagonal branch and a radial artery as a free artery graft, to the biggest branch of the left circumflex artery. On coronary angiography, both the saphenous vein and the radial artery were occluded, with patency of the left internal mammary artery. The patient underwent coronary angioplasty with a Palmaz-Schatz stent 3.0/15 mm implantation in the left main coronary artery and was submitted to a high-pressure balloon inflation. She was discharged free of angina from the hospital and one month later retrosternal chest pain recurred. On coronary angiography a restenosis in the left main coronary was seen. Repeat coronary angioplasty with high-pressure balloon inflation technique and with intravascular ultrasound guidance was done. Larger balloons and progressive higher-pressure balloon inflations were used until reaching a stent internal lumen greater than the reference distal diameter. The patient was asymptomatic at four months of follow-up.