Chiral N-substituted glycines can form stable helical conformations

Short sequence-specific heteropolymers of N-substituted glycines (peptoids) have emerged as promising tools for drug discovery. Recent work on medium-length peptoids containing chiral centers in their sidechains has demonstrated the existence of stable chiral conformations in solution. In this report, we explore the conformational properties of these N α chiral peptoids by molecular mechanics calculations and we propose a model for the solution conformation of an octamer of ( S)-N-(1-phenylethyl)glycine. Molecular mechanics calculations indicate that the presence of N-substituents in which the N α carbons are chiral centers has a dramatic impact on the available backbone conformations. These results are supported by semi-empirical quantum mechanical calculations and coincide qualitatively with simple steric considerations. They suggest that an octamer of ( S)-N-(phenylethyl)glycine should form a right-handed helix with cis amide bonds, similar to the polyproline type I helix. This model is consistent with circular dichroism studies of these molecules. Peptoid oligomers containing chiral centers in their sidechains present a new structural paradigm that has promising implications for the design of stably folded molecules. We expect that their novel structure may provide a scaffold to create heteropolymers with useful functionality.