Hydroxyapatite deposition disease of the temporomandibular joint in a patient with renal failure

The crystal-induced metabolic arthropathies are a heterogeneous group of diseases including pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease), gout, oxalate deposition disease, and hydroxyapatite deposition disease. The hips, knees, shoulders, hands, and feet are the most commonly involved joints. For reasons that are not clearly understood, the temporomandibular joint is usually unaffected by the crystal-induced arthropathies. To the best of our knowledge, a hemodialysis-related hydroxyapatite deposition arthropathy of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has not been previously reported. We present here a case report of acute hydroxyapatite deposition periarthritis of the TMJ in a patient with end-stage renal disease.