Miniature C-arm imaging: An in vitro study of detecting foreign bodies in the emergency department

STUDY OBJECTIVERecently, we have had clinical success detecting foreign bodies (FBs) using a mobile C-arm fluoroscopic device. This study tests its utility to detect FBs of differing densities in soft tissue. DESIGNBlinded, randomized, controlled in vitro study. METHODSTwo physicians used the Xi-scan® mini C-arm to image FBs. Five FBs of differing densities were studiedmetal, gravel, glass, wood, and plastic. The FBs were placed into the deep muscles of chicken legs. One hundred observations were made50 legs with FBs and 50 legs without FBs. The blinded investigators imaged the legs and determined the presence or absence of FBs. RESULTSImaging located 100% of metal, gravel and glass FBs. Plastic and wood could not be consistently detected (sensitivity 0.4, specificity 0.6). CONCLUSIONSThis device accurately detects metal, gravel and glass. Radiolucent (wood) and semiradiopaque (plastic) FBs could not be located reliably. Clinical trials would define utility of this device in saving time, money and radiation exposure.