Elevated intra-rumen pressure and secondary rumen contractions in sheep ( Ovis aries)

1. 1. Sheep rumens were insufflated with nitrogen to 5, 10, 15, and 20cm water pressure and sustained at each pressure for 10 min. 2. 2. Measurements included rumen motility, reticulorumen myoelectric activity, eructation frequency and volume, changes in tracheal pressure and rumen contraction amplitude. 3. 3. As intra-rumen pressure increased, contractions designated as special secondary contractions appeared. 4. 4. At a pressure of approximately 15 cm water, most of the special secondary contractions became regular secondaries; therefore, the special secondaries were called pro-secondary contractions. 5. 5. Increased intra-rumen pressure was associated with respiratory distress. The recovery phase following rumen insufflation was accompanied by hyperpnea.