Structure and polymorphism of the upstream region of the pfg27/25 gene, transcriptionally regulated in gametocytogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum

Transcription of the early gametocyte-specific gene pfg27/25, and genomic structure and polymorphism of its upstream region were studied in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. The upstream genomic sequence of the pfg27/25 gene is characterised by a repetitive region that contains five direct and one inverted repeats of a unit constituted by a perfectly conserved sequence flanked by a poly-dT and a poly-d(AT) tract. Sequences further upstream from the repetitive region are polymorphic in distantly related parasite lines. Nuclear 'run off' experiments indicated that transcription of pfg27/25 is developmentally regulated. Transcription of the gene, undetectable in asexual parasites, is activated at the onset of gametocytogenesis. Te gene is transcribed in a 2.5 kb mature mRNA for the first 2-3 days of sexual differentiation, while transcription is down-regulated in more mature gametocytes.