GM1 gangliosidosis in Portuguese water dogs: pathologic and biochemical findings

Three Portuguese water dog siblings, all females aged 5 to 7 months, were killed following a brief period of neurologic disease. Tissues were processed for light and electron microscopy and for biochemical analyses. All pups had membranous cytoplasmic inclusions in neurons throughout the brain and spinal cord. Cytoplasmic vacuoles were present in cells of many organs outside the nervous system. GM1 ganglioside in brain was markedly elevated in all three dogs, and β-galactosidase activity was less than 10% of control values. These findings are similar to those in GM1 gangliosidosis of man and animals although the number of organs and tissues containing vacuolated cells is greater.