High HIV seroprevalence among patients with pyomyositis in Northern Uganda

Summary With the aim of correlating pyomyositis with HIV infection, we have carried out a case‐control comparison of HIV seroprevalence among patients affected by pyomyositis and an age and sex‐matched control group of healthy subjects. Over a one‐year period, 35 patients with pyomyositis, 20 male and 15 female, mean age 28.31 years, were admitted to Dr Ambrosoli Memorial Hospital of Kalongo (Kitgum District, Northern Uganda). Among these patients, II were HIV‐antibody‐positive, with a seroprevalence of 31.42%. In the age and sex‐matched control group of 35 healthy subjects, selected in the same period from volunteers admitted to the surgical ward for orthopaedic trauma, two were HIV‐antibody‐positive, with a seroprevalence of 5.71%. The matched analysis produced a Mantel‐Haenszel matched odds ratio of 5.50 and a maximum likelihood estimate of OR (MLE) of 5.50 (exact 95% confidence limits for MLE=1.20