An integrated metric physical map of human chromosome 19

A metric physical map of human chromosome 19 has been generated. The foundation of the map is sets of overlapping cosmids (contigs) generated by automated fingerprinting spanning over 95% of the euchromatin, about 50 megabases (Mb). Distances between selected cosmid clones were estimated using fluorescence in situ hybridization in sperm pronuclei, providing both order and distance between contigs. An average inter-marker separation of 230 kb has been obtained across the non-centromeric portion of the chromosome. Various types of larger insert clones were used to span gaps between contigs. Currently, the map consists of 51 'islands' containing multiple clone types, whose size, order and relative distance are known. Over 450 genes, genetic markers, sequence tagged sites (STSs), anonymous cDNAs, and other markers have been localized. In addition, EcoRI restriction maps have been generated for > 41 Mb (approximately 83%) of the chromosome.