Fiberoptic bronchoscopy in thoracic diagnosis

The fiberoptic bronchoscope became commercially available nearly 20 years ago. This instrument has revolutionized the practice of respiratory medicine by providing the biggest single advance in diagnostic techniques for the chest in recent years. Its use is now widespread, and it has largely superseded the rigid bronchoscope. However, it is still preferable to use the rigid instrument for the investigation of suspected tracheal tumors, removal of foreign bodies and inspissated mucous plugs, for the management as opposed to the investigation of hemoptysis and, arguably, for the biopsy of vascular tumors such as adenomas. Radiologists should be aware of the uses and limitations of fiberoptic bronchoscopy, the relevance to management and diagnosis of abnormalities visible on the chest radiograph and computed tomography, and the complementary role it plays with other biopsy techniques that are used for the diagnosis of focal and diffuse lung disease.