Clinical outcome and restenosis following percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for ischaemic rest pain or ulceration

The role of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in the management of severe leg ischaemia is controversial. To investigate further the efficacy of angioplasty and the clinical consequences of restenosis, a randomly selected cohort of 29 patients with ischaemic rest pain or ulceration was studied for 6 months after a technically successful balloon angioplasty. All patients had digital subtraction arteriography at the end of follow‐up. Seven of 15 patients undergoing the procedure for rest pain had sustained relief from the initial dilatation. Partial or complete healing was noted in all 14 patients with ulceration and was maintained at 6 months in 11 despite significant (greater than 30 per cent) restenosis at the angioplasty site in eight. There were no complications or clinical deterioration associated with the procedure. Angioplasty is an effective method for treating the severely ischaemic leg, especially when used to achieve ulcer healing; restenosis is often clinically unimportant.