A prospective, randomized trial of short versus long tubes in adhesive small-bowel obstruction

Background: Many cases of acute adhesive small-bowel obstruction (SBO) can be successfully treated with intestinal tube decompression. There is considerable controversy, however, regarding whether a short nasogastric tube (NGT) or a long nasointestinal tube (LT) is the best method of intestinal tube decompression. Patients and methods: A prospective, randomized trial was conducted to compare NGT and LT decompression with respect to the success of nonoperative treatment and morbidity of surgical intervention in 55 patients with acute adhesive SBO. Results: Twenty-eight patients were managed with NGT and 27 with LT. There were 44 cases of partial SBO (23 NGT, 21 LT) and 11 cases of complete SBO (5 NGT, 6 LT). Twenty-one patients ultimately required operation, including 13 managed with NGT (46%) and 8 with LT (30%) ( P = 0.16). The mean period between admission and operation was 60 hours in the NGT group versus 65 hours in the LT group. At operation, 3 patients in the NGT group had ischemic bowel that required resection. Postoperative complications occurred in 23% of patients treated with NGT versus 38% of patients treated with LT ( P = 0.89). Postoperative ileus averaged 6.1 days for NGT patients versus 4.6 days for LT patients ( P = 0.44). There were no deaths. Conclusions: Patients with adhesive SBO can safely be given a trial of tube decompression upon hospital admission. There was no advantage of one type of tube over the other in patients with adhesive SBO.