Doppler blood velocity in the pulmonary artery of infants, children, and adults

A pulsed, range gated, directional, ultrasonic, Doppler blood velocity meter was used to record signals from the pulmonary artery in 52 normal subjects ranging in age from less than 1 week to over 30 years. Signals were obtained from an unfocused transducer in the second or third left intercostal space using a 2.25 MHz instrument. The increase in mean velocity at the start of systole followed a linear pattern for at least the first 45 ms of ejection, irrespective of the age or size of the subject. The value for the acceleration at the start of systole decreased during childhood, reaching less than half that in the aorta in adults, and the duration of the linear increase in velocity increased. The pulmonary arterial signals in newborn infants closely resembled those in the aorta. The range of frequencies seen in the sample volume in the adult pulmonary arterial signals was greater than that in the aorta, whereas in infants it was indistinguishable from that in the aorta.