Labor in humans: 1. Progesterone, 20 alpha-dihydro-progesterone, estrone and 17 beta-estradiol in near placental and most distant human amnion and chorion laeve in various stages of labor at term

In some species the onset of labor is regulated by changes in the estrogen/progesterone ratio. The same change in fetal membranes has been suggested to be one of the triggering mechanisms of labor in humans. In order to examine if a gradient in steroid concentration existed in fetal membranes and if changes in concentrations could be observed with the onset and advancing labor, the concentration of progesterone (P), 20 alpha-dihydro-progesterone (20 alpha-OHP), estrone (E1) and 17 beta-estradiol (E2) were determined by specific radioimmunoassay in the near placental and most distant regions of human amnion and chorion laeve obtained at term, before, at the onset and in advanced labor. Both estrogen and progestin concentrations in the chorion were higher than in the amnion. No gradient in the concentration of steroids was found. No statistically significant differences in estrogen and progestin levels were associated with the onset of labor.