Dating and Context of Three Middle Stone Age Sites with Bone Points in the Upper Semliki Valley, Zaire

The extent to which the earliest anatomically modern humans in Africa exhibited behavioral and cognitive traits typical of Homo sapiens sapiens is controversial. In eastern Zaire, archaeological sites with bone points have yielded dates older than 89$^{+22}_{-15}$ thousand years ago by several techn...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 1995-04, Vol.268 (5210), p.548-553
Hauptverfasser:	Brooks, Alison S., Helgren, David M., Cramer, Jon S., Franklin, Alan, Hornyak, William, Keating, Jody M., Klein, Richard G., Rink, William J., Schwarcz, Henry, J. N. Leith Smith, Stewart, Kathlyn, Todd, Nancy E., Verniers, Jacques, Yellen, John E.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Animals Antiquities Archaeological dating Archaeological methods Archaeological sites Archaeology Bones Carbonates Chemistry Democratic Republic of the Congo Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy Exact sciences and technology Excavations (Archaeology) Fauna Fluvial deposition Geological time History of medicine History, Ancient Hominidae Humans Luminescence Marine and continental quaternary Material culture Methods Paleodontology Paleontology Prehistoric tools Principals Quartz Radiocarbon Sediments Spectrum Analysis Surficial geology Tools, Prehistoric Tooth enamel Vertebrate paleontology Volcanic ash
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Zusammenfassung:	The extent to which the earliest anatomically modern humans in Africa exhibited behavioral and cognitive traits typical of Homo sapiens sapiens is controversial. In eastern Zaire, archaeological sites with bone points have yielded dates older than 89$^{+22}_{-15}$ thousand years ago by several techniques. These include electron spin resonance, thermoluminescence, optically stimulated luminescence, uranium series, and amino acid racemization. Faunal and stratigraphic data are consistent with this age.
ISSN:	0036-8075 1095-9203
DOI:	10.1126/science.7725099