Crystal Structures of Modified Myoglobins. I. Heme Orientation and Structural Changes around Heme in Myoglobins Reconstituted with Isopemptoheme, Pemptoheme, 2-Ethyldeuteroheme, and 4-Ethyldeuteroheme

The crystal structures of sperm whale metmyoglobins reconstituted with four modified hemes, isopemptoheme, pemptoheme, 2-ethyldeuteroheme, and 4-ethyldeutero-heme, have been determined and refined at 2.2 Å resolution to R=0.217, 0.218, 0.213, and 0.222, respectively. All the crystals of these myoglobins are isomorphous with that of native metmyoglobin. The structural changes of the modified myoglobin from the native myoglobin were examined on difference Fourier maps; the orientation of 4-ethyldeuteroheme in the heme pocket is such that the heme is rotated by 180° about an axis through the α-γ-meso carbons, whereas the orientations of the other three hemes are the same as that of the protoheme in the native myoglobin. The changes of the structures around the heme become greater in the order of isopemptoheme, 2-ethyldeuteroheme < pemptoheme < 4-ethyldeuteroheme. The magnitudes of the changes seem to be related to the oxygen affinities of these four reconstituted myoglobins.