Characterization of T Cell Responses to Fragrances

Fragrances are worldwide a major cause of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction mediated by T lymphocytes. We investigated T cell responses to fragrances using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and T cells from skin lesions of fragrance-allergic patients...

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Veröffentlicht in:Toxicology and applied pharmacology 2001-05, Vol.172 (3), p.172-178
Hauptverfasser: Sieben, Sonja, Hertl, Michael, Al Masaoudi, Tames, Merk, Hans F., Blömeke, Brunhilde
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Fragrances are worldwide a major cause of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction mediated by T lymphocytes. We investigated T cell responses to fragrances using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and T cells from skin lesions of fragrance-allergic patients. The components of a fragrance mixture (eugenol, isoeugenol, geraniol, oak moss, α-amyl cinnamic aldehyde, cinnamic aldehyde, cinnamic alcohol, and hydroxycitronellal) that is commonly used in the patch test were studied in vitro in the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT). PBMC from fragrance-allergic patients (n = 32) showed significant stimulations to all eight fragrances. The calculated stimulation indices (SI) varied between 2.1 and 21.8. The influence of metabolic enzymes on T cell stimulation was studied for two fragrances. Interestingly, stimulation of eugenol and isoeugenol was increased in the presence of antigen-modified human liver microsomes (CYP450) or recombinant CYP1A1 in five of seven cases. Furthermore, we established 18 T cell clones (TCC) from a skin lesion reacting specifically to eugenol. FACS analysis revealed that the majority (n = 15, 83%) of TCC were CD3+, CD4+, and HLA-DR+. Seventeen percent (n = 3) of the clones were CD8+. TCC (n = 4) released significant amounts of IL-2 and IFN-γ but no IL-4 and IL-5. In addition, CD4+ TCC (n = 3) showed antigen-induced cytotoxic activities against autologous B cells. In summary, we demonstrated for the first time that fragrance-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes are present in fragrance-allergic individuals. In addition, our results suggest that CYPs can be involved in the formation of the nominative antigen.
ISSN:0041-008X
1096-0333
DOI:10.1006/taap.2001.9125