Streptozotocin-induced diabetes alters the oligomerization pattern of acetylcholinesterase in rat skeletal muscle

Diabetes mellitus has a serious effect on most of the properties of skeletal muscles. Changes in neuromuscular transmission are also involved in propagating the disease. In our experiments, acetylcholinesterase was extracted from the fast extensor digitorum longus and slow soleus muscles of control, non-treated 6-week-diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic rats. The extracts were applied to velocity sedimentation and acetylcholinesterase activity was determined. We observed considerable differences in the distribution of individual acetylcholinesterase molecular forms in diabetic fast muscles. This included a 59% decline in G4 content together with a fivefold increase in A8 and a 53 % increase in A12 activity resulting in a shift of acetylcholinesterase profile characteristically towards slow muscles. These alterations were partly reversed by insulin treatment. In slow muscles diabetes caused an increase in G4 activity without affecting the sedimentation profile. Decline in G4 content in fast muscles could contribute to enhanced desensitization of acetylcholine receptors in diabetes.