Quantitative analysis of analgoantipyretics in dosage form using planar chromatography

In the therapy of pain of weaker genesis, frequently used drugs usually represent a mix of analgoantipyretics of different chemical structures, mostly derivatives of salicylic acid, pyrazolone and p-aminophenol as well as derivatives of propionic and acetylsalicylic acid. For the determination of these drugs, different chromatographic methods have been applied, mostly HPLC, due to the the lower polarity (pyrazolones derivatives) and thermolability, as well as nonvolatility of compounds investigated. TLC method, considering advantages which include simplicity, reasonable sensitivity, rapidity, excellent resolving power and low cost has been successfully explored for the determination of analgoantipyretic compounds. The aim of this work was to develop a simple and rapid HPTLC method for the determination of acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, caffeine and phenobarbitone in dosage form. The determination of analgoantipyretics were performed on pre-coated HPTLC silica gel plates (10×20 cm 2) by development in the mobile phase dichlormethane–ethyl acetate–cyclohexane–isopropanol–0.1 M HCL–formic acid (9:8:3:1.5:0.2:0.2 v/v/v/v/v/v). Migration distances (68.6+0.2 mm, 54.1+0.1 mm, 36.4+0.14 mm and 85.9+0.11 mm for acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, caffeine and phenobarbitone, respectively) with low RSD values (0.13–0.39%) showed a satisfactory reproductivity of the chromatographic system. TLC scanner was used for direct evaluation of the chromatograms in the reflectance/absorbance mode. Established calibration curves ( r>0.999), precision (0.3–1.02%) and detection limits, as well as recovery values (96.51–98.1%) were validated and found to be satisfactory. The method was found to be reproducible and convenient for the quantitative analysis of compounds investigated in their dosage forms.