Recurrent Pulmonary Sarcoidosis in HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

HIV infection and sarcoidosis occur in the same age group, but there areonly a few reports of the coexistence of the two disorders in the sameindividual. This infrequent occurrence has been attributed to thepaucity of functioning CD4+ lymphocytes required forgranuloma formation in patients with HIV infection. We report twopatients with a history of remote sarcoidosis who later in lifecontracted HIV infection and developed recurrent, progressive pulmonarysarcoidosis while receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART). Progressive pulmonary sarcoidosis should be added to thedifferential diagnosis in patients receiving HAART for HIV infectionwho develop diffuse lung disease with recovery of CD4+lymphocyte population.