Clustered Arrangement of Keratin Intermediate Filament Genes

We report here that component members of the keratin intermediate filament (IF) type I and type II gene families of sheep are closely linked but apparently the two families are not. Nine genes, accounting for up to half of the keratin IF gene repertoire, were mapped in four cosmid clones and the linkage between the genes ranged from several kilobases to 20 kilobases. In one cosmid, three tandem type I genes had the same transcriptional arrangement and were regularly spaced. In another cosmid, tandem genes encoding type II keratins were identified and, surprisingly, a solitary exon was discovered in the intergene region between the two type II genes. In a normal gene this exon encodes one of the most conserved amino acid regions of IF proteins, the C-terminal end of the α -helical core. Homologous C-terminal protein subdomains were encoded by two wool keratin type II genes and we suggest that this arrangement may also exist in the other wool keratin type II genes.